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¿µÁøÄÚÆÛ·¹ÀÌ¼Ç Á¾ÇÕÄ«´Ù·Î±× |
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Renee Tobias, Sriram Kumaraswamy, David Apiyo, Sartorius, Fremont, CA |
Abstract |
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¹ÙÀÌ¿À ÀǾàÇ° °³¹ß°úÁ¤¿¡¼ »ýüºÐÀÚÀÇ »óÈ£ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ°í Á¤·®È ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Octet¢ç system Àº labeling À» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í Protein-Protein, Antigen-Antibody, Drug-Receptor °áÇÕ°ú °°Àº »ýü ³» °áÇÕ ¹ÝÀÀÀ»
Bio-layer interferometry (BLI) ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÅëÇØ ¸Å¿ì ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°í Á¤¹ÐÇÏ°Ô, ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î ÃøÁ¤ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¶ÇÇÑ, ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ½ÇÇè¹ýÀ¸·Î ÃøÁ¤Çϱ⠺ÒÆíÇß´ø °áÇÕ Æ¯À̼º, ģȵµ¿Í ºÐÀÚ°£ »óÈ£¹ÝÀÀ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ªÇÐÀ» °£ÆíÇÏ°Ô È®ÀÎÇÏ°í Á¤·®È ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. |
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Octet¢ç system Àº ¹ÙÀÌ¿À ÀǾàÇ° °³¹ß °úÁ¤ÀÇ ±âÃÊ ¿¬±¸ ´Ü°è¿¡¼ ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â ¼ö ¸¹Àº ºÐ¼® ½ÇÇè¿¡¼ ¿¬±¸ÀÚ¸¦ µµ¿Í ¸Å¿ì ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°í
Á¤¹ÐÇÏ°Ô ÃÖ»óÀÇ °á°ú¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. |
Bio-Layer Interferometry (BLI) |
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BLI ´Â Interferometry (°£¼· ÃøÁ¤¹ý) ÀÇ ¿ø¸®¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© »ýü ºÐÀÚÀÇ »óÈ£ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ±â¼úÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
°£¼· ÃøÁ¤¹ýÀº ÇϳªÀÇ ±¤¿ø¿¡¼ Ãâ¹ßÇÑ ºûÀ» µÎ °¥·¡ ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾î ÁøÇà °æ·Î¿¡ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ »ý±âµµ·Ï ÇÑ ÈÄ, ºûÀÌ ´Ù½Ã ¸¸³µÀ» ¶§ ÀϾ´Â
°£¼· Çö»óÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ÃøÁ¤ ¹æ¹ýÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Octet¢ç System Àº °£¼· ÃøÁ¤¹ýÀÇ ¿ø¸®¸¦ ÀÀ¿ëÇÏ¿© »ýü ºÐÀÚ »çÀÌÀÇ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ°í ºÐ¼®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. BLI ÀÇ °³³äÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°½À´Ï´Ù. |
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Biosensor ÀÇ tip ¿¡´Â »ýü ºÐÀÚ(Protein, Antibody) °¡ ºÙÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Ãþ°ú ±× ¾ÈÂÊ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ±¤ÇÐ Ãþ, µÎ °³ÀÇ ÃþÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (Figure 1).
ÀÌ biosensor tip ¿¡ ¹é»ö±¤À» Á¶»çÇÏ¸é ±× ºûÀº ÀÌ µÎ°³ÀÇ Ãþ¿¡¼ °¢°¢ ¹Ý»ç°¡ ÀϾ´Ï´Ù.
°¢ Ãþ¿¡¼ ¹Ý»çµÈ µÎ °³ÀÇ ¹Ý»ç±¤Àº °£¼·ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇØ ¹Ý»ç±¤ÀÇ ÁøÆøÀÌ Áõ°¡µÇ°Å³ª °¨¼ÒÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. À̶§ ¹ß»ýÇÑ °£¼· ÆÐÅÏÀ» CCD array detector °¡ °¨ÁöÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. |
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Figure 1 : A Dip and Read biosensor, illustrating the two optical interfaces
at the biosensor tip: the internal reference layer (optical layer) and the
surface biocompatible matrix on which ligand molecules are immobilized |
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Biosensor ÀÇ tip À» sample ÀÌ µé¾î ÀÖ´Â microplate ÀÇ well ¿¡ ³Ö¾îÁÖ¸é ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ºÐÀÚµéÀº »ýü ºÐÀÚ°¡ ºÙÀº Ãþ¿¡ °áÇÕÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í,
Á¡Á¡ ´õ ¸¹Àº ºÐÀÚµéÀÌ °áÇÕÇÏ¿© ´ë»ó ºÐÀÚµéÀÌ ÇϳªÀÇ ÃþÀ» ÀÌ·ç°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
±× °á°ú »ýü ºÐÀÚ ÃþÀÇ µÎ²²°¡ µÎ²¨¿öÁ® ±¤¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ýü ºÐÀÚ Ãþ »çÀÌÀÇ °Å¸®°¡ º¯ÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
±× °á°ú »ýü ºÐÀÚ Ãþ¿¡¼ ¹Ý»çµÈ ¹Ý»ç±¤ÀÇ À̵¿ °Å¸®°¡ º¯ÇÏ¸ç ±¤ÇÐ Ãþ°úÀÇ °£¼· ÆÐÅÏÀÇ À§»ó º¯È°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ À§»ó º¯È¸¦ CCD array detector °¡ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ °úÁ¤Àº ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® »ýü ºÐÀÚ °áÇÕÀÇ ¿ªÇÐÀû µ¥ÀÌÅ͵µ ÇÔ²² ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (Figure 2). |
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Figure 2 : interference pattern of white light reflected from two surfaces. Changes
in the number of molecules bound to the biosensor causes a shift in the interference pattern that is measured in real time |
Advantages of Label-free Analysis |
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Kinetic analysis ´Â °¡¿ªÀûÀÎ ºñ°øÀ¯°áÇÕ¿¡¼ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë ģȼº°ú »ýü ºÐÀÚÀÇ °áÇÕ ¹× Çظ® ¼Óµµ¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
»óÈ£¹ÝÀÀÇÏ´Â ¹°Áú Áß Çϳª´Â Octet¢ç ÀÇ biosensor Ç¥¸é¿¡ °íÁ¤µÇ°í ´Ù¸¥ Çϳª´Â sample ¿ë¾×¿¡ buffer ¿Í ÇÔ²² plate ¿¡ µÓ´Ï´Ù. Assay ´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ´Ü°è·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁý´Ï´Ù (Figure 3).
¨ç Baseline : Assay buffer ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ±âÁØ °ªÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇØ ÁÝ´Ï´Ù.
¨è Loading : Antibody ¿Í °°Àº »ýü ºÐÀÚ¸¦ biosensor ÀÇ Ç¥¸é¿¡ °íÁ¤½ÃÄÑ ÁÝ´Ï´Ù.
¨é Baseline : Biosensor ¸¦ buffer solution ¿¡ ³Ö¾î »ýü ºÐÀÚ°¡ Ç¥¸é¿¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ loading µÇµµ·Ï ÇØÁÝ´Ï´Ù.
¨ê Association : Antibody °¡ Ç¥¸é¿¡ ºÙ¾î ÀÖ´Â biosensor ¸¦ Å×½ºÆ®ÇÒ ½Ã·á°¡ ÀÖ´Â solution ¿¡ ³Ö¾î ½ÇÇèÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â »ýü ºÐÀÚ¿Í Ç¥¸éÀÇ »ýü ºÐÀÚ »çÀÌ¿¡ °áÇÕÀ» À¯µµÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¨ë Dissociation : Biosensor ¸¦ ½Ã·á°¡ ¾ø´Â solution À¸·Î ¿Å°Ü »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ µÎ ºÐÀÚÀÇ Çظ®¸¦ À¯µµÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
À§ÀÇ °úÁ¤À» ½ÇÇèÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ½Ã·áÀÇ ³óµµ°¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¸î°¡Áö ¿ë¾×¿¡¼ (ÃÖ´ë 8°³) µ¿½Ã¿¡ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿© °á°ú°ªÀ» ºñ±³ ºÐ¼®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. |
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Figure 3 : A typical binding kinetics experiment using Streptavidin Biosensors.
A) After an initial baseline step in buffer, biosensors are dipped into solution with biotinylated ligand. In this example, ligand molecule is an antibody.
A second baseline step is performed followed by association and dissociation of analyte molecule in solution.
B) A raw data sensorgram showing real-time data acquisition for each step of a kinetic assay |
Binding Kinetics - Basic Principles |
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Octet¢ç system À» ÅëÇØ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â kinetic characterization Á¤º¸´Â ºÐÀÚ°£ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ¼³¸íÇϴµ¥ ºÎÁ·ÇÔÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ELISA ¿Í °°Àº ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ½ÇÇè¹ýÀ» º¸¿ÏÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Octet¢ç system Àº »ýü ºÐÀÚÀÇ °áÇÕ °úÁ¤ÀÇ ¿ªÇÐ, ģȵµ ±×¸®°í È°¼ºÀ» ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î ¸Å¿ì Á¤¹ÐÇÏ°Ô º¸¿©Áֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Figure 4 ¿¡¼ A, B µÎ sample ÀÇ affinity constant (KD) ´Â ºñ½ÁÇÏ°Ô º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸ sample A ÀÇ on-rate and off-rate ´Â
sample B ¿¡ ºñÇØ ´À¸° °áÇÕ·ÂÀ» º¸ÀÌ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö Àִµ¥, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ´Â ELISA ¿Í °°Àº ±âÁ¸ ºÐ¼® ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î´Â È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
Octet¢ç System Àº »ýü ºÐÀÚ°£ °áÇÕÀ» ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î ÃøÁ¤ ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á »ýü ºÐÀÚ°£ °áÇÕ Ä£Èµµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´õ ³ôÀº ¼öÁØÀÇ Á¤·®È µÈ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¿¬±¸ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Á¦°øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. |
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Figure 4 : Sensorgram traces from two interactions having similar
affinity constants but different binding profiles |
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