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Nicola Bevan,1   Gillian Lovell,1   Jasmine Trigg,1   Clare Szybut,1   John Rauch,2   Libby Oupicka,2   Kalpana Barnes1
1 Sartorius UK Ltd., Units 2 & 3 The Quadrant, Royston Hertfordshire SG8 5HL UK
2 Sartorius Corporation, 300 West Morgan Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA


Introduction

Cell proliferation assays Àº ¾Ï Ä¡·á, ¹ß´Þ »ý¹°ÇÐ ¹× ¾à¹° ¾ÈÀü¼º ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ½ÃÀÛÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Á¾¾ç ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ±âÃÊÀÎ sustained signaling pathways ºÐ¼®Àº PubMed ¿¡ 12,000°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿ø°í°¡ ±âÀçµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±× Áß ´ë´Ù¼ö´Â Á¾¾ç ¼¼Æ÷ ¼ºÀåÀ» Æò°¡Çϱâ À§ÇØ cell proliferation analysis À» ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´Ü¼øÇÑ ½ÇÇèÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÌ´Â ÀÌ ºÐ¼®¹ýÀº ¸î °¡Áö ÇÑ°è°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¹Ù·Î ¼¼Æ÷ ¼ºÀå¿¡´Â ½Ã°£ÀÌ °É¸®¹Ç·Î ÀÏÁ¤ ½Ã°£ º°·Î ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µÀ» ÇØ¾ß °íÇ°ÁúÀÇ °á°ú¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ¶ÇÇÑ non-perturbing measurements °¡ ¼±ÇàµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Live-cell analysisÀº IncuCyte ·Î¸¸ ±¸Çö °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼¼Æ÷ ¼ºÀåÀ» ¹æÇØÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é¼­ ÀçÇö °¡´ÉÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ µµÃâÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¸çÄ¥, ¸î ÁÖ ¶Ç´Â ¸î ´Þ¿¡ °ÉÃÄ time-lapse imaging, integrated image analysis, on-the-fly data visualization À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á »ì¾ÆÀÖ´Â ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ÇൿÀ» ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î Á¤·®È­ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¿¬±¸ÀÚ°¡ ½Ã°£º°·Î »ùÇøµÇÏ´Â end points assays ¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¹Ç·Î °¢ ºÐ¼® »çÀÌ¿¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â key biological event ¸¦ ³õÄ¡Áö ¾Ê°í ¸ðµÎ È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î flow cytometry ¿Í multimode microplate readers ¸¦ º¸¿ÏÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ´õ º¹ÀâÇÑ ºÐ¼®À» ¼öÇàÇÏ·Á¸é label-free & specialized labeling approaches À» °°ÀÌ Àû¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù

Incucyte¢ç Live-Cell Analysis SystemÀ» »ç¿ëÇϸé proliferation kinetic measurement À» ´Ù°¢µµ·Î Á¢±ÙÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¾çÇÑ cell models ¿¡ label-free & fluorescent assays À» Àû¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¹è¾ç±â ³»ºÎ¿¡ °íÁ¤µÈ Ç÷¹ÀÌÆ®¸¦ Incucyte¢ç °¡ ÃÔ¿µÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ adherent & non-adherent cells ¸ðµÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Continuous live-cell assays ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

ÇØ´ç ±Û¿¡¼­´Â ¾Æ·¡ ÁÖÁ¦¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
1. cell proliferation & cell counting ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Kinetic, label-free analysis
2. non-adherent cells ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Continuous live-cell proliferation
3. proliferation À» ÃßÀûÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Fluorescence labeling
4. High Throughput Compound Testing


Cell Proliferation & Cell Counting ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Kinetic, Label-free Analysis

A. Kinetic, Label-Free Analysis of Cell Proliferation

label-free »óÅÂÀÇ (A) A549 cell, (B) SKBr3 cell, (C) MDA-MB-231 cell À» Incucyte¢ç Live-Cell Analysis System ÀÇ Base Analysis Software ·Î ÃÔ¿µÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ³ë¶õ»öÀ¸·Î Ç¥½ÃÇÑ confluence mask ´Â ÃÔ¿µµÈ À̹ÌÁö ³»¿¡¼­ °¢ cell ÀÌ Â÷ÁöÇÏ´Â ¸éÀûÀ» ÀǹÌÇÕ´Ï´Ù. (D) ±×·¡ÇÁ´Â MDA-MB-231 cell ÀÇ º£¾ç ½ÃÀÛ ³óµµº° proliferation À» ½Ã°£¿¡ µû¸¥ confluence mask À¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³»¾î Á¤·®È­ ÇÑ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


Note. A549 (A), SKBr3 (B), or MDA-MB-231 (C) cells were seeded in a 96-well plate, and images were collected and analyzed using the Incucyte¢ç Live-Cell Analysis System with Base Analysis Software. Shown are the original images (top row) and the generated confluence mask in yellow (bottom row). The graph (D) shows quantification of various starting densities of MDA-MB-231 cells proliferating over time. Data shown as mean ¡¾ SEM for 4 wells


B. Kinetic, Label-Free Cell Counting

label free »óÅÂÀÇ (A) A549 cell, (C) SKOV3 cell À» Incucyte¢ç Live-Cell Analysis System ÀÇ Cell-by-Cell Analysis ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ºÐ¼®Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î cell ÀÇ ÇüŸ¦ ÆľÇÇÏ¿© ³ë¶õ»öÀ¸·Î segmentation mask ¸¦ Ç¥½ÃÇÏ¿© cell count ¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÕ´Ï´Ù. (B), (D) ±×·¡ÇÁ´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ cell count ¸¦ ÅëÇØ ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ cell count per image ¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³À´Ï´Ù. µÎ ±×·¡ÇÁ ¸ðµÎ °¢°¢ÀÇ ½ÇÇ豺¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© (1) Vehicle ´Üµ¶ ¹è¾ç, (2) cytotoxic reagent camptothecin (10 ¥ìM) ó¸® ¹è¾ç, (3) cytostatic reagent cycloheximide (1 ¥ìM) ó¸® ¹è¾çÀÇ °á°ú¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÝ´Ï´Ù. cell count ¸¦ ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿© ¸Å¿ì Á¤È®ÇÏ°í À¯ÀÇÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ µµÃâÇÕ´Ï´Ù


Note. A549 (A) or SKOV3 (C) cells were seeded in a 96-well plate, and images collected and analyzed using the Incucyte¢ç Live-Cell Analysis System with Cell-by-Cell Analysis. Shown are the original images (left column) and the generated segmentation mask in yellow (right column). The graphs (B and D) show quantification of proliferation in the presence of vehicle, a cytotoxic reagent camptothecin (10 ¥ìM), or a cytostatic reagent cycloheximide (1 ¥ìM) over time. Data shown as mean ¡¾ SEM for 4 wells


Non-adherent Cells ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Continuous Live-cell Proliferation

T Cell Proliferation Is Seeding Density-Dependent

(A) T cells Àº basal conditions ¿¡¼­´Â ProliferationÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ³·½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª È°¼ºÈ­ (e.g., by IL-2, anti-CD3, anti-CD28) µÉ °æ¿ì ¸Å¿ì ³ôÀº proliferation À» º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. (B) ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ T cells ÀÇ proliferation À» confluence ÃøÁ¤À» ÅëÇØ ½Ã°£¿¡ µû¸¥ ±× º¯È­¸¦ Á¤·®È­ Çß½À´Ï´Ù. Ç÷¹ÀÌÆ®ÀÇ °¢ well º°·Î activation regimes ÀÇ Á¾·ù¿Í ¹è¾ç ½Ã°£¿¡ µû¸¥ proliferation À» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Note. T cells demonstrate little or no proliferation under basal conditions but proliferate (A) when activated (e.g., by IL-2, anti-CD3, anti-CD28). Plate graph of change in confluence time-course reveals seeding density-dependent differences under various activation regimes (B).


Proliferation À» ÃßÀûÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Fluorescence Labeling

HT-1080 Nuclight Cell Tri-Culture

(A, B) HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells À» Incucyte¢ç Nuclight Green, Orange, NIR Lentivirus ·Î ó¸®ÇÏ¿© 72½Ã°£ µ¿¾È ¿¬¼Ó ÃÔ¿µÀ» Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ »çÁøÀº 48½Ã°£¿¡ ÃÔ¿µÇÑ »çÁøÀ̸ç Incucyte¢ç Nuclight Green, Orange, NIR Lentivirus ·Î ó¸®ÇÑ cell °ú label-free cell ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Incucyte¢ç Cell-by-Cell Analysis ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ masking ±â¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

(C, D) ±× °á°ú labeling color ¿¡ µû¶ó ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î cell ÀÌ ºÐ·ù ¹× Á¤·®È­ µÇ¾ú°í green-, orange-, NIR-expressing cells ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ºÐÆ÷µµ (%) ¸¦ ±×·¡ÇÁ·Î ³ªÅ¸³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


Note. HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells stably expressing Incucyte¢ç Nuclight Green, Orange, or NIR Lentivirus were monitored for 72 hours. Representative images taken at 48 hours, with and without the label-free Incucyte¢ç Cell-by-Cell Analysis mask (A, B), automatically identify the entire population of cells and quantify percentages of green-, orange-, or NIR-expressing cells (C, D).


High Throughput Compound Testing

384-Well Microplate View of Incucyte¢ç Nuclight Green HT-1080 Cell Proliferation With 16 Different Compounds

High throughput compound testing Àº drug discovery pipeline °øÁ¤¿¡¼­ promising compounds ¸¦ ¼±º°ÇÏ´Â Å×½ºÆ®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¶ÇÇÑ Incucyte¢ç Live-Cell Analysis System ·Î ¼öÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ ±×·¡ÇÁ´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ Drug ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© 11°¡Áö ³óµµ·Î Incucyte¢ç Nuclight Green HT-1080 Cell ¿¡ Àû¿ë ÈÄ Proliferation À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ °á°úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÁÂÃøÀÌ °í³óµµ, ¿ìÃøÀ¸·Î °¥¼ö·Ï Àú³óµµÀÌ¸ç °¢±â ´Ù¸¥ »öÀ¸·Î Ç¥½ÃÇß½À´Ï´Ù. Columns 15 ´Â vehicle (0.5% DMSO) À̸ç, Columns 16 Àº CHX (3 ¥ìM) controls ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡ÇÁ¸¦ º¸¸é ƯÁ¤ ¾à¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© (¿¹. Row J, Row M, Row O) ¸Å¿ì °­ÇÏ°Ô concentration-dependent inhibition °¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í ¹Ý´ë·Î ƯÁ¤ ¾à¹° (¿¹. Row A, Row P) ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â ¾àÇÑ »ó°ü°ü°è¸¦ º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡ÇÁ´Â ¹è¾ç 72½Ã°£ µ¿¾ÈÀÇ ÃøÁ¤ °á°úÀ̸ç ÇØ´ç Ç÷¹ÀÌÆ®ÀÇ ¸ðµç well ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ÃøÁ¤ÇßÀ» ¶§ Çü±¤ °³Ã¼ ¼ö´Â ÃÖ´ë 3800°³±îÁö ÃøÁ¤µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.


Note. 11-point concentration-response curves in duplicate (different colors, high to low concentrations left to right). Columns 15 and 16 are vehicle (0.5% DMSO) and CHX (3 ¥ìM) controls, respectively. Note the potent concentration-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation for certain compounds (e.g., Row J, Row M, Row O), and weaker effects | inactivity of others (e.g., Row A, Row P). Abscissa: Time (0?72 hours), ordinate: Fluorescent Object Count per well (0--3800).







 
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