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¿µÁøÄÚÆÛ·¹ÀÌ¼Ç Á¾ÇÕÄ«´Ù·Î±× |
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- Kjeldahl reference : AOAC 979.09 Protein in Grains; AACC 46.11 A, ASBC Barley 7A
- Dumas reference : AOAC 992.23 Crude Protein in Cereal Grains and Oilseeds,                            
AACC 46-30.01, ASBC Barley 7C
Tested with VELP Scientifica DKL 20 Automatic Kjeldahl Digestion Unit (Code S30100210),
UDK 169 Automatic Kjeldahl Analyzer with AutoKjel Autosampler (Code S30200160) and
VELP Scientifica NDA 702 Dual Carrier Gas Dumas Nitrogen Analyzer (Code F30800080). |
Introduction
¸Æ¾Æ¿ë º¸¸®ÀÇ ´Ü¹éÁú ¼ººÐÀº ÃÖÁ¾ Á¦Ç°ÀÇ Ç°Áú¿¡ ¸¹Àº ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡¹Ç·Î ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù.
º¸¸®ÀÇ ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÔ·® ÃøÁ¤Àº ÁַΠų´Þ¹ýÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í Àִµ¥ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â ÃøÁ¤ÀÌ ¸Å¿ì Æí¸®ÇÏ°í °á°ú°¡ Á¤È®ÇÑ
Dumas combustion ±â¹ýÀÌ Å³´Þ¹ýÀÇ ´ë¾ÈÀ¸·Î ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ µÎ°¡Áö ÃøÁ¤¹ýÀº °ø½ÄÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÂÀÎµÈ Áú¼Ò ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÔ·® ºÐ¼®¹ýÀÌ´Ù.
GAFTA º¸¸®ÀÇ ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÔ·® ºÐ¼®
¿©±â¼´Â NDA 702 Dumas Nitrogen Analyzer ¿Í UDK169 Automatic Kjeldahl Analyzer with AutoKjel Autosampler ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© º¸¸®ÀÇ ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÔ·®À»
ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ°í ±× °á°ú¸¦ ºñ±³ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù.
Kjeldahl method
ų´Þ¹ýÀº 400 ¡ÆC ÀÌ»óÀÇ °í¿Â¿¡¼ ²ú°í Àִ Ȳ»ê¿ë¾×À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© À¯±â¹°ÁúÀ» digestion ½ÃÅ°¸é Áú¼Ò´Â ammonium sulfate ·Î º¯ÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í
À̸¦ ȯ¿ø½ÃÅ°¸é ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ¾Ï¸ð´Ï¾Æ¸¦ steam distillation & titration ÇÏ¿© Áú¼Ò ÇÔ·®À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
Dumas method
»ùÇÃÀ» combustion furnace (CF) ¿¡¼ Å¿ö elemental compound ·Î ¸¸µç ÈÄ WT1, WT2 ¸¦ °ÅÄ¡¸é¼ water ¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÏ°í
WT1, WT2 »çÀÌÀÇ reduction furnace (RF) ¿¡¼ ¿ø¼Ò¸¦ ȯ¿ø½ÃŲ´Ù. CO2 absorbers ¿¡¼ CO2 ¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÑ ÈÄ
Thermal Conductivity Detector ¿¡¼ Áú¼Ò ÇÔ·®À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
Sample
VELP Kjeldahl system °ú Dumas unit ÀÇ ¼º´É ºñ±³¸¦ À§ÇØ GAFTA (The Grain and Feed Trade Association) ¿¡¼ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â reference sample À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿©
´Ü¹éÁú ÇÔ·®À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿© GAFTA ¿¡¼ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °ª°ú ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
- Sample Un-milled barley
- Sample ID : 2016 : G2
- Protein assigned value : 7.560 ¡¾ 0.282 g/100g
- The sample has been grinded by using a laboratory cereal mill (particle size 1mm)
Kjeldahl Analysis
1. Sample Digestion
nitrogen-free weighing boat (Code CM0486000) ¿¡ ½Ã·á 2g À» ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ ÈÄ test tube ¿¡ ¿Å±â°í °¢ tube ¿¡ ´ÙÀ½À» adding ÇÑ´Ù.
- 2 catalyst tablets VCM (code A00000274; 3.5 g K2SO4, 0.1 g CuSO4 5H20 Missouri)
- 2 antifoam tablets VS (Code A00000283)
- 20 ml concentrated sulfuric acid (96-98%)
Digestion Unit À» Aspiration Pump (JP code F30620198) ¿Í Fume Neutralization System (SMS Scrubber code F307C0199) ¿¡
¿¬°áÇÏ¿© disgestion ´Ü°è¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â acid fume À» ÁßȽÃŲ´Ù.
- Digestion of the sample : for 40 minutes at 300 ¡ÆC plus 90 minutes at 420 ¡ÆC
2. Distillation and Titration
- test tube ¸¦ 50-60 ¡ÆC Á¤µµ·Î ³Ã°¢½ÃŲ´Ù.
- UDK 169 Àåºñ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© predefined methods n¡Æ9 ¿¡ µû¶ó »ùÇÃÀ» distillation ½ÃŲ´Ù.
  * H2O (dilution water) : 50 ml
  * H2SO4 (0.2 N) as titrant solution
  * NaOH (32%): 70 ml
  * Protein factor : 6.25
  * Vreceiver (A00000316) : 30 ml
- Distillation &Titration analysis time : from 4 minutes for one test.
Dumas Analysis
1. NDA 702 Preliminary Operations (daily)
NDA 702 DUMAS Nitrogen Analyzer ¸¦ ÀÛµ¿½ÃÄÑ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ setting ÇÑ´Ù.
- Temperature Combustion reactor (Code A00000158) : 1030 ¡ÆC
- Temperature Reduction reactor (Code A00000226) : 650 ¡ÆC
- Flow rate MFC1 He : 190 ml/min
- Flow rate MFC2 He : 220 ml/min
2 °³ÀÇ EDTA standard (Code A00000149) ¿Í 3 - 5 °³ÀÇ empty tin foils (Code A00000153) ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» Å×½ºÆ®ÇÑ´Ù.
Çϳª ÀÌ»óÀÇ calibration curve ¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù.
2. Sample Preparation (NDA 702)
- tin foil ¿¡ 200mg ÀÇ »ùÇÃÀ» Àú¿ï¿¡ ´Ü´Ù.
- tin foil À» ´Ý¾Æ capsule ¿¡ ³Ö´Â´Ù.
- capsule À» autosampler ¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù.
3. Analysis Procedure (NDA 702)
- DumasoftTM ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ ½Ã·á¸í, ¹«°Ô, ¹æ¹ý, Sample type, Calibration number ¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇÑ´Ù
- The CEREAL MEAL 1¡± method ¿¡´Â ´ÙÀ½ Ç׸ñÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³¯ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
  Protein factor : 6.25 | O2 flow rate : 400 ml/min | O2 factor : 1.6 ml/mg
- START ¹öÆ°À» ´·¯ ºÐ¼®À» ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù.
  Analysis time : from 3 minutes for one run.
- ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº Á¶°ÇÀÇ calibration curve ¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î °á°ú°ªÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³´Ù.
  : in a range of 0 - 7 mg N with 7 measurements of EDTA standard (%N = 9.57)
- ±¸ÇÑ ÃøÁ¤°ªµéÀº EDTA certificate ÀÌ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ¹üÀ§¾È¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ.
Results on GAFTA Barley standard
¾Æ·¡ Å×À̺íÀº NDA 702 Dumas analyzer ¿Í VELP Kjeldahl systems DKL 20 and UDK 169 ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ ±¸ÇÑ nitrogen/protein ÇÔ·®À» º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Conclusions
Å×½ºÆ®¸¦ ÅëÇØ ±¸ÇÑ °á°ú°ªµéÀº GAFTA ¿¡¼ ÀÎÁõÇÑ ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÔ·® ¹üÀ§¿¡ ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç ÀÌ´Â VELP »çÀÇ Kjeldahl ½Ã½ºÅÛ°ú NDA 702 Dumas Analyzer ÀÇ ¼º´ÉÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ¿ì¼öÇÏ°í
ÀçÇö¼ºµµ Ź¿ùÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù.
VELP »çÀÇ Çö´ëÀûÀÎ Kjeldahl ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº ½ÄÇ°°ú »ç·á ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÔ·® ºÐ¼®¿¡ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ³Î¸® »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ̸ç NDA 702 Dumas ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº
»ùÇÃ´ç ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÔ·® ºÐ¼®½Ã°£ÀÌ 3 - 4ºÐÀ¸·Î¼ ´ë·®ÀÇ »ùÇÃÀ» Á¤¹ÐÇÏ°Ô ºÐ¼®Çϴµ¥ °¡Àå ÀûÇÕÇÑ ÀåºñÀÌ´Ù.
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