Ultrasonic probe ¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â ultrasonic waves ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ liquid³»¿¡¼ ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀ¸·Î »ý¼ºµÇ´Â negative presuure ¿Í positive pressure ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼ö¸¹Àº microscopic bubbles (cavity) ÀÌ »ý±ä´Ù.
ÀÌ bubble Àº ¼ö ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·ÎÃÊ ÀÇ ÂªÀº ½Ã°£¿¡ ´Ù½Ã Æø¹ßÇϵíÀÌ »ç¶óÁö°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥ À̶§ ¼ö¸¹Àº shock wave ¿Í ¼Ò¿ëµ¹ÀÌ°¡ »ý±â°Ô µÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ·± Çö»óÀ» cavitation À̶ó Çϴµ¥ ÇϳªÇϳªÀÇ cavity ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Ãæ°ÝÆÄ´Â ¹Ì¼¼ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¼ö¸¹Àº cavity ¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â Æø¹ß ¿¡³ÊÁö´Â ¾öû³ª°Ô µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿¡³ÊÁö¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ºÐ»ê (dispersion) µîÀÇ È¿°ú¸¦ º¼¼öÀÖ´Ù.
Vegetable oil, animal fat µîÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© biodiesel À» ¸¸µå´Â °úÁ¤¿¡ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ultrasonication À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¸é ¸Å¿ì È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î biodiesel À»
¸¸µé ¼ö Àִµ¥ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº Ư¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
- oil À» biodiesel ·Î Àüȯ½ÃÅ°´Â transesterification ¹ÝÀÀ¿¡´Â Ã˸ÅÁ¦°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇѵ¥ ¼Ò·®ÀÇ Ã˸ÅÁ¦·Îµµ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀϾÙ.
- ultrasonic processing À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ transesterification ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ 1~2½Ã°£ÀÌ ¼Ò¿äµÇ´Â ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ batch reactor system ¿¡ ºñÇØ ¼öºÐÀ̳»·Î ¸Å¿ì ºü¸£°Ô ÀϾÙ.
- ¹ÝÀÀÀÇ ºÎ»ê¹°·Î ³ª¿À´Â glycerin À» ºÐ¸®Çϴµ¥ 1~2 ½Ã°£¹Û¿¡ ¼Ò¿äµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
- biodiesel »ý»ê ¼öÀ²ÀÌ 95% ·Î ¸Å¿ì ³ô´Ù.
Ultrasonication À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ Biodiesel ÀÇ »ý»ê ¹æ¹ýÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹ÝÀÀ¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â catalyst ´Â sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or methoxide and methanol À¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¸ç dosage pump ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© base ¸¦ alcohol ¿¡ õõÈ÷ ³Ö°í stirring À» ÇÏ¿© ¸¸µé°Ô µÈ´Ù.
Vegetable oil À» heat exchanger ¸¦ Åë°ú½ÃÄÑ 65¡É ¿Âµµ·Î ¸ÂÃß¸é¼ centrifuge pump ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ mxing vessel ·Î À̵¿½ÃŲ´Ù.
Dosage or diaphragm pump ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ catalyst ¸¦ mixing vessel ¿¡ ÁÖÀÔ½ÃÄÑ transesterification ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù.
Mixing vessel ·Î µé¾î°¡´Â material ÀÇ ¿Âµµ´Â 65¡É ·Î À¯Áö½ÃÅ°°í
Mixing vessel ³»ºÎÀÇ ¾Ð·ÂÀº 25psi (150 Kpa) ·Î À¯ÁöÇÑ´Ù.
¿©±â¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ultrasonication Àåºñ´Â ¹Ì±¹ Sonics & Materials ÞäÀÇ Model VC 750 / VCX 750 À̸ç ÀÌ ÀåºñÀÇ
ultrsonic converter ¿¡ compressed cooling air À» ÁÖÀÔÇÏ°í, amplitude ´Â 70% ¿¡ setting ÇÑ´Ù.
Model VC 750 / VCX 750 ÀÇ probe ¸¦ High Volume Flow Cell (processing chamber) ¿¡ À§Ä¡½ÃÅ°°í 200 liter/hour ÀÇ ¼Óµµ·Î vegetable oil °ú catalyst ÀÌ
processing chamber ¸¦ Åë°úÇϵµ·Ï ¾Ð·ÂÀ» Á¶ÀýÇÑ´Ù.
Processing chamber ·ÎºÎÅÍ ³ª¿Â material Àº ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ ¾ø´Â evaporation settling tank ·Î À̵¿½ÃÅ°°í ¾à 1½Ã°£ 30ºÐÁ¤µµ À§Ä¡½ÃŲ´Ù.
ÇöÀç´Â ºñ·Ï ºÐ¸®´Â µÇÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸ methyl ester ¿Í glycerol liquid °¡ transesterication µÈ »óÅÂÀÌ°í methanol vapor °¡ methanol tank ·Î µÇµ¹¾Æ°¡±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù.
1½Ã°£ 30ºÐ Á¤µµ Áö³ ÈÄ Ãþ ºÐ¸®°¡ ÀϾ´Âµ¥ ¾Æ·¡ÃþÀº glycerol °ú ´Ù¸¥ ºÎ»ê¹°·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® Àִµ¥ ÀÌ°ÍÀº tank ¾Æ·¡ºÎºÐÀÇ valve ¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¹èÃâµÈ´Ù.
Tank ÀÇ »óºÎÃþÀº biodiesel °ú alcohol ·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ´Âµ¥ alcohol Àº Áõ·ù½ÃÅ°°Å³ª ¶Ç´Â ¹°À» ÀÌ¿ëÇØ Á¦°ÅÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
»óÃþºÎÀÇ biodiesel Àº ´Ù¸¥ vessel ·Î À̵¿½ÃÄÑ purification, washing, or drying µî°ú °°Àº Ãß°¡ÀûÀÎ processing À» °ÅÄ¥ ¼ö Àִµ¥
ÀÌ °æ¿ì biodiesel Àº processing chamber ·Î ´Ù½Ã recirculation ½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ process ´Â 100 liter ÀÇ vegetable oil, 14 liter ÀÇ methanol, ±×¸®°í 700 gram ÀÇ sodium, potassium hydroxide ¶Ç´Â methoxdie ·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù.
´ÙÀ½Àº ¹Ì±¹ Sonics & Materials Þä °¡ Á¦¾ÈÇÏ´Â Biodiesel Processing ÀÇ schematic ÀÌ´Ù.
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